Vietnam Pivots to Next-Gen FDI, Targeting High-Tech and Value-Added Industries
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2026年7月13日
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Vietnam Pivots to Next-Gen FDI, Targeting High-Tech and Value-Added Industries

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Vietnam is strategically shifting its focus from labor-intensive industries to high-tech and value-added sectors, aiming to enhance the quality of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Ho Chi Minh City, in particular, is rolling out policies to support R&D and innovation, seeking to build new growth engines.

Vietnam attracted 34.65 billion USD in foreign direct investment (FDI) in the first six months of 2026, while realised FDI reached its highest first-half level in five years, according to the National Statistics Office (NSO). Instead of concentrating mainly on attracting foreign capital, Resolution No. 10-NQ/TW emphasises building a foreign-invested sector that is closely integrated with the domestic sector to create new growth drivers for the country. Over the past 50 years, Ho Chi Minh City has demonstrated resilience, dynamism and a pioneering spirit. Building on this historic foundation, it is creating new appeal on the global economic map by making a strong shift from labour-intensive industries to attracting next-generation foreign direct investment, particularly in high technology. Enterprises would receive State support covering 50% of interest payments on commercial loans used for technology application, transfer and innovation projects, capped at 6% a year for up to five years. The campaign is expected to stimulate domestic consumption, boost retail sales, support economic growth, promote Vietnamese brands and encourage consumers to prioritise locally made products while attracting international visitors via shopping events. The figures recorded in the first half of 2026 just reflected positive short-term results. Long-term success would depend not only on the growth pace but also on the quality and resilience of the economy and the sustainability of growth engines. With the current trading band of +/- 5%, the ceiling rate applicable for commercial banks during the day is 26,481 VND/USD, and the floor rate 23,959 VND/USD. According to a recent report by BIDV Securities (BSC), these projects span residential and urban developments, airports, expressways, high-speed rail, industrial facilities and other strategic infrastructure. The advisory board will support research, provide policy advice and recommend strategic directions for the centre’s development, the VIFC-HCMC Executive Board said. Under the plan, Hanoi aims to maintain annual gross regional domestic product (GRDP) growth of 11% during 2026–2035 and 2036–2045, before easing to 5% during 2046–2065 and 4.5% during 2066–2085. The Ho Chi Minh City Development Joint Stock Commercial Bank (HDBank – HoSE: HDB) has successfully raised 721 million USD in an international syndicated loan from international financial institutions in the form of a Social Loan. Around the world, investors are increasingly choosing locations based not only on costs and logistics, but also on renewable energy, carbon performance, circular economy solutions and ESG standards, experts said. Vietnamese Ambassador to Brazil Bui Van Nghi informed that two-way trade reached 4.22 billion USD in the first six months of 2026, up 16.8% year-on-year. Brazil's exports to Vietnam exceeded 2 billion USD, rising 16.6%, while its imports from Vietnam totalled about 2.11 billion USD, an increase of 17%. The restored Kunming–Nha Trang route is expected to cater to growing travel demand and facilitate tourism, trade and cultural exchanges between Vietnam and China. Among the 218 economies assessed this year, Vietnam was one of only six to be upgraded to a higher income category by the WB Group. The move marks a notable milestone after 17 years in the lower-middle-income group, where Vietnam had remained since 2009. For Vietnam, the challenge is not simply adopting new technologies but ensuring that supply chains are sustainable and capable of generating long-term value. The company sold 172,299 motorcycles in June, up 4.7% from the same month last year, highlighting steady consumer demand even as the market gradually shifts towards greener transport options. For the first six months of 2026, motorcycle sales reached 515,743 units, up 0.6% year-on-year. Developed under a strategic cooperation agreement between the Vietnamese and Japanese governments, the nearly 1,000-hectare industrial park is expected to become the city's first eco-industrial park under the country's new regulatory framework. A key target is that by 2030, all concentrated agricultural, forestry and fisheries production areas will have access to essential services, including product traceability, quarantine, testing, quality certification, processing and market development. The move reflects growing international demand for stricter food safety, quality and traceability standards, which have become increasingly important for agricultural exports. The magazine said the VF 2 retails at 188 million VND (7,200 USD) with the battery included, making it one of the most affordable electric cars in the Vietnamese market. Vietnam's young population, dynamic market, and big growth potential are a perfect fit for the strengths that Korean micro-businesses bring in K-brands, technology, and service expertise, said KFME President Song Chi Young. It marked the first time an automotive brand in Vietnam has exceeded 100,000 vehicle deliveries in the first half. With auto loan interest rates remaining competitive, stable vehicle supply, and an increasingly diverse product range, Vietnam's automotive market is expected to maintain its growth momentum through the remainder of 2026. SUVs, MPVs, and hybrid vehicles are likely to remain the main drivers of overall market sales. Copyright, VietnamPlus, Vietnam News Agency (VNA) Editor-in-chief, Mr. Tran Tien Duan.

多角的分析

経済的影響

ベトナム政府は、従来の労働集約型産業からの脱却と、ハイテク・高付加価値産業へのFDIシフトを加速させている。これは、国際的なサプライチェーン再編の動きや、先進国における製造業回帰のトレンドを踏まえた戦略であり、国内産業の高度化と輸出競争力の強化を目指すものだ。特に、研究開発(R&D)やイノベーションへの投資を促進するための財政的インセンティブは、技術移転と国内技術者の育成を促し、長期的な経済成長の持続可能性を高める可能性がある。しかし、このシフトは、国内企業への技術移転の促進や、高度人材の育成といった課題も同時に提起する。

投資家心理

投資家にとって、ベトナムのFDIシフトは、従来の低コスト労働力に依存した製造業への投資から、より高度な技術やイノベーションを伴う分野への投資機会の拡大を意味する。ホーチミン市などが提供する研究開発支援策は、特にテクノロジー関連企業やスタートアップにとって魅力的な要因となりうる。一方で、政策の実行度合い、国内産業との連携の円滑さ、そして高度人材の確保といったリスク要因も考慮する必要がある。ESG基準や循環型経済への関心の高まりは、持続可能性を重視する投資家にとって、ベトナム市場への新たな投資機会をもたらすだろう。

社会的影響

ホーチミン市が労働集約型産業からハイテク産業へのシフトを進めることで、都市部における雇用構造の変化が予想される。高付加価値産業への移行は、より高度なスキルを持つ人材への需要を高める一方で、従来の単純労働に従事していた労働者の再教育やスキルアップが課題となる。また、都市開発やインフラ投資の拡大は、都市環境への影響や、地域住民の生活様式への変化をもたらす可能性がある。EV普及の加速は、大気汚染の軽減に貢献する可能性があるが、充電インフラの整備や、それに関連する新たなサービス産業の創出が求められる。

市民の声

ベトナム国民、特にホーチミン市周辺の住民にとって、次世代FDIへのシフトは、より質の高い雇用機会の創出につながる可能性がある。ハイテク産業の発展は、教育水準の向上や、新たなスキル習得へのインセンティブとなりうる。しかし、産業構造の変化に伴い、一部の労働者は職を失うリスクに直面する可能性もあり、政府によるセーフティネットの整備や、再訓練プログラムの提供が重要となる。また、EVの普及は、都市部での大気環境の改善に寄与する一方で、新たな交通インフラへの投資や、消費者へのEV購入支援策が求められる。

背景・歴史的文脈

ベトナムは、1986年のドイモイ政策以降、市場経済化を進め、外国直接投資(FDI)を積極的に誘致してきた。当初は、低賃金を活かした労働集約型産業が中心であったが、近年、中国の製造業コスト上昇や米中貿易摩擦などを背景に、サプライチェーンの多角化を目指す動きが加速。ベトナム政府は、2019年以降、ハイテク産業や高付加価値産業への投資を優遇する政策を打ち出し、FDIの質的向上を図ってきた。特に、ホーチミン市は、経済の中心地として、この構造改革をリードする役割を担っている。

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