Vietnam Pursues Leap in Science, Technology, Digitalization to Accelerate Growth
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2026年7月8日
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Vietnam Pursues Leap in Science, Technology, Digitalization to Accelerate Growth

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Vietnam is prioritizing science, technology, innovation, and digital transformation as keys to national development, accelerating reforms towards its 2045 'prosperous nation' goal. Reforms over the past two years are deemed the most significant since Doi Moi. While economic growth is robust, trade deficits and challenges in farming and tourism are also highlighted.

Resolution No. 57-NQ/TW of the Politburo on the development of science, technology, innovation and national digital transformation states that these areas are becoming not only prerequisites but also a historic opportunity for the country to achieve prosperity and strengthen national competitiveness in a new era of development. Vietnam’s development track record shows that the “era of the nation's rise” is a political and theoretical marker of a new development phase. It represents a commitment, a rallying cry for progress, and a shared duty of the Party, people, and army to deliver a strong, prosperous Vietnam by 2045. Vietnam is among those few emerging market economies where an immense array of reforms is currently unfolding, generating considerable excitement and optimism. The reforms that the Government has been pushing over the last two years are the most significant since the Doi Moi (Renewal) era – a comprehensive, fast-paced reorganisation and restructuring of the state that could be potentially transformative if implemented well. Beyond fast GRDP growth, many Red River Delta localities were also among the largest contributors to overall national economic expansion during the period. Addressing the conference, which took place as Vietnam participated in INNOPROM with a national pavilion for the first time, Vietnamese Consul General Nguyen Mai Huong praised Quang Ninh’s growing cooperation with Sverdlovsk, long recognised as one of Russia’s major industrial centres. As part of the roadshow, in July, a pilot event is set to be held in Shanghai to introduce Vietnamese specialty coffee to the professional coffee community, gauge market interest and lay the groundwork for future trade promotion activities. Demand for Korean food in Vietnam has continued to grow rapidly alongside the popularity of the Korean Wave, or Hallyu, making the country a strategic market in the RoK's plan to expand agricultural and food exports to ASEAN, the RoK's Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs said. The State Bank of Vietnam set the daily reference exchange rate at 25,206 VND/USD on July 8, up 4 VND from the previous day. The debut affirms the city’s push to overhaul investment promotion towards a more modern, transparent and technology-led model that uses digital tools and artificial intelligence to deliver sharper support for investors. The financing will support HDBank’s medium- to long-term lending, with at least 40% of ADB’s financing directed to WMSMEs to provide more opportunities for women business owners. Speaking at the ministry's regular press conference on July 7, Tran Thanh Hai, deputy director general of the Agency of Foreign Trade, said Vietnam recorded exports of 266.5 billion USD and imports of 283.2 billion USD in the first six months of the year, resulting in a trade deficit of about 16.7 billion USD. The successful conclusion of the negotiations was not merely the end of a process that lasted more than 10 years, but also demonstrated the strong commitment of both Vietnam and EFTA countries to an open, transparent and rules-based international trading system. The agreement sends a clear message that dialogue, cooperation and economic connectivity remain the most effective means of promoting growth, creating jobs and generating prosperity. Vietnamese companies expanding beyond Southeast Asia can now gain a new foothold for capital structuring and supply chain management in Kyrgyzstan, where the special financial investment territory (SFIT) has been launched as an international hub for business, capital, and innovation. Chief of the ministry's Office Lam Van Hoang said at a conference on July 7 that 219 km of national highways were built and another 212 km were upgraded in the first six months. As import markets transform, attendees agreed that trade promotion itself must become more specialised, focused on the demands of each market and sector rather than sticking to traditional promotional events. Smuggling and the production and trade of prohibited goods are becoming increasingly sophisticated, with criminal networks operating across both physical and online spaces. In the first six months of 2026, the ministry initiated legal proceedings against 1,333 cases involving 2,354 suspects. Quang Ninh’s booth has attracted many visitors with displays highlighting the province’s tourism potential, despite the exhibition’s focus on industry. Many visitors stopped to learn about the province and explore opportunities for cooperation in tourism and related sectors. The exhibition brought together numerous domestic enterprises and overseas Vietnamese entrepreneurs, showcasing prominent brands in food, beverages, tourism and logistics, including Me Trang Coffee, Vietnam Tea Shop, BKT Group, Ocean and OPL, along with a wide range of speciality Vietnamese food products introduced by the Vietnamese community in Thailand. Vietnam's exports of wood and wood products exceeded 17 billion USD for the first time in 2025, reaching a record 17.2 billion USD. However, exports to the UK amounted to only 244 million USD, indicating considerable room for growth. With its coastline, islands and diverse landscapes, Khanh Hoa has become one of Vietnam's leading tourism destinations, particularly for international visitors. However, while visitor numbers continue to grow, night-time tourism remains largely fragmented and lacks comprehensive planning, requiring more efforts to further exploit this potential sector. Vietnam currently has around 3.4 million exemplary farming households. However, becoming an entrepreneur requires more than production expertise. Farmers also need modern management skills, market analysis capabilities, financial management knowledge and digital competencies. The restructuring marks the completion of a long-planned reorganisation of Vietnam's securities market, ending HNX's role as a stock exchange for listed equities while establishing clearer functional separation between the country's two bourses. Authorities detected and handled 67,937 violations in the first half of the year, up 36.66% year-on-year. Budget revenue from enforcement reached nearly 9.65 trillion VND (nearly 367 million USD), an increase of 49.36%, while investigation was launched into 1,676 criminal cases involving 2,789 suspects. Copyright, VietnamPlus, Vietnam News Agency (VNA) Editor-in-chief, Mr. Tran Tien Duan.

多角的分析

経済的影響

ベトナム経済は、過去2年間の「ドイモイ」以来とも言われる大胆な改革により、目覚ましい成長軌道に乗っている。特に、科学技術・イノベーション・デジタル変革への注力は、高付加価値産業への転換と国際競争力強化を目指す国家戦略の表れである。しかし、上半期の貿易赤字167億米ドルは、輸入依存度の高さと輸出構造の脆弱性を示唆しており、国内産業の育成と輸出の多様化が急務である。また、農家や観光業における課題は、経済成長の恩恵が国内全体に均等に行き渡っていない可能性を示唆しており、より包括的な開発戦略が求められる。

投資家心理

ベトナムの改革は、投資家にとって大きな機会とリスクの両方をもたらしている。科学技術、デジタル変革への投資は、将来的な成長ポテンシャルを示唆する一方、インフラ整備の遅れや法制度の未整備は依然として懸念材料である。今回の改革は、投資環境の透明性向上と効率化を目指しており、特にホーチミン市の投資促進モデル刷新は、外国直接投資(FDI)の誘致にプラスに働く可能性がある。しかし、貿易赤字の拡大は、グローバル経済の変動に対するベトナム経済の脆弱性を示しており、投資家はマクロ経済リスクを慎重に評価する必要がある。

社会的影響

ベトナムの発展は、国民生活にも多岐にわたる影響を与えている。デジタル変革の推進は、情報アクセスやサービスの利便性を向上させる一方、デジタルデバイドの拡大やプライバシーの問題も生じさせる可能性がある。農家の起業家化支援は、所得向上と地方経済活性化に繋がるが、現代的な経営スキル習得の必要性は、教育格差の是正という課題を浮き彫りにする。また、観光客増加は地域経済に恩恵をもたらすが、カインホア省の夜間観光の未発達は、観光資源の活用不足と、地域住民の生活への影響といった側面も示唆している。密輸・不正取引への厳格な対応は、社会秩序維持に不可欠だが、その巧妙化は、社会の複雑化と監視体制の強化を求めている。

市民の声

ベトナム国民は、国家の急速な発展と改革の恩恵を享受する一方で、新たな課題にも直面している。科学技術やデジタル化の進展は、生活の利便性を高めるが、情報格差や失業への不安も生じうる。農家は、生産技術だけでなく、市場分析やデジタルスキルを習得する必要に迫られており、これは地方の多くの人々にとって大きな挑戦である。また、観光地では、観光客増加による経済効果が期待されるが、インフラ整備の遅れや、観光客と地域住民との間の摩擦が生じる可能性も否定できない。貿易赤字の拡大は、物価上昇や生活必需品の供給不安といった形で、一般市民の生活に間接的な影響を与えることも考えられる。

背景・歴史的文脈

ベトナムの現在の発展戦略は、1986年に開始された「ドイモイ(刷新)」政策に端を発する。この政策は、計画経済から市場経済への移行を促し、外国からの投資を誘致することで経済成長を遂げてきた。近年、ベトナムは中国への経済的依存を軽減し、サプライチェーンの多様化を図るため、科学技術、イノベーション、デジタル変革を国家発展の新たな柱として位置づけている。2045年を目標年とする「豊かな国」の実現は、国家の長期的なビジョンを示すものであり、その達成に向けた改革は、経済成長だけでなく、国家の国際的地位向上をも目指している。

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