Indonesia's Prisons: Time to Shift Towards Education, Beyond Mere Deterrence

There is a growing call in Indonesia for prisons (Lapas) to transition from mere places focused on 'deterrent effects' to spaces that prioritize the education and rehabilitation of inmates. This concept is positioned as a crucial reform to promote inmates' reintegration into society and lead to long-term recidivism prevention. Traditionally, the prison system has tended to emphasize the punitive aspect of dealing with criminals. However, it is pointed out that there is a lack of opportunities for inmates to acquire skills and knowledge that would enable them to contribute again as members of society upon their release. The introduction of educational programs aims to build a foundation for inmates to lead stable lives after reintegration by allowing them to receive literacy and vocational training within prison. Behind this reform are challenges such as the increasing number of inmates in prisons, accompanying overcrowding issues, and a high rate of recidivism after social reintegration. Providing educational opportunities is expected to foster internal change in inmates and serve as motivation for them to pursue constructive lives. Specifically, this is thought to include not only academic learning but also vocational training and education on ethics and social norms. Transforming prisons into places of education contributes not only to individual inmates but also to the overall safety and stability of society. A reduction in recidivism rates helps reduce the social costs of crime and contributes to building safer communities. If this reform is realized, Indonesia's correctional system could evolve into something more humane and effective.